WanlingsiChinese Underworld Atlas
Figures · NO. 035

King Taishan

泰山王

The seventh king carries an older mountain name.

Seventh court · Ten KingsBuddhism and folk religion

The seventh court

King Taishan is the seventh of the Ten Kings in this atlas. Morality-book traditions associate his court with a hell of heat and torment, sometimes pictured through crushing or grinding imagery. Particular offences and subsidiary hells vary between versions and reflect the moral vocabulary of their periods.

Distinguish the mountain's deities

Taishan means Mount Tai, long connected with the dead in Chinese religion. The seventh-court king must nevertheless be distinguished from Dongyue Dadi, the Great Emperor of the Eastern Peak, also called the Lord of Mount Tai. The Ten Kings system inherited and rearranged older names and beliefs; a shared title does not establish identical identities or rank. Reading both entries shows how Buddhist funerary traditions and Chinese mountain worship intersected without becoming one uniform system. Temple images and later literature may draw these connections differently.

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